What oil weight

WOW! Most of these old tractors had detergent oil used in them during the mid/late 1950's. Multi weight oils didn't hit the market till mid-1960's. But I've used Rotella 15w-40 in every gasoline and diesel engine I've had since 1996. I was a big fan of Valvoline 10W-40 before that.
The old letter series 4 cylinder engines are not very fussy about their oil.
When I inherited Dad's '51 M the oil was coal black. Did an oil & filter change with 15W-40 Rotella and ran it for 5-6 hours, oil was absolutely coal black again. Did another oil/filter change and it stays pretty clean for quite a while now.
 
I use Quaker State 10W_30 in all my old stuff but Rosella is probably better. I am considering switching to synthetic for everything as some of my new equipment calls for it and it's nice to have one type of oil on the shelf.
If switching to detergent for the first time I would do a second oil and filter change sooner as you will loosen up a lot of crud.

Dave
 
The old girl probably won't care what you use in it as long as it's clean and run's out of the top petcock on the oil pan's side every time you check it. If it doesn't run out of the top petcock, but does out of the bottom one, it'll take about a quart. The two petcocks on the pan goes back to when tractors used dissolate or kerosene for fuel. Every morning before you started the engine, you were supposed to drain the lighter hydrocarbons that had gotten past the rings into the crankcase and could dilute the oil off through the lower petcock and refill it to the upper petcock. Those hydrocarbons were lighter than the oil and would be on there top of the pan.
 
It has plenty, that is old wives tail.

There are other oils with less and others with more than needed.
 
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